Day Care free essay sample

In 1990, 7. 2 million moms with 11. 7 million kids younger than 15 worked either full or low maintenance during non-standard hours. Moms with youngsters under age 5 have the most noteworthy level of intentional non-standard hours. Showcasing endeavors will remain basically grassroots utilizing neighborhood assets, current families, and holy places to advance Bouncy Kids Child Development Center. 3 Introduction Fun Kids Child Development Center is a Limited Liability Company (LLC) possessed by (CDC Owner). (CDC Owner) has more than 15 years in the youngster care industry and has worked vivaciously to give care to Development Center will work under a Christian way of thinking that kids should be treated with warmth and regard. The kids served by Bouncy Kids particularly need encounters that will cultivate physical, social, enthusiastic, and subjective development. The air at Bouncy Kids will be a mindful domain to empower autonomy, useful critical thinking, positive confidence, and developed self-esteem. Fun Kids Child Care really got started in 1996 and around then was authorized for forty youngsters. As of now, the inside is authorized for sixty youngsters matured a month and a half to 6 years. XX kids are selected at Bouncy Kids . (CDC Owner) began the youngster advancement focus with the crucial serve downtown, low-pay families with quality childcare. She is energetic about the need to help kids in their youth advancement with a stable, improving and cherishing condition while their folks are working. She additionally comprehends the issues of lower salary guardians who can't bear to pay for quality childcare. She has been working the middle from her souls and enthusiasm to assist families with discovering individual and money related steadiness. The proprietor is currently attempting to work their focuses in a more professional way. 4 Industry Analysis The childcare business remains basically a mother and-pop business ringing up yearly deals assessed to be between $10 billion and $35 billion. Despite the fact that the mainstream stores became 200% during the 80’s, they despite everything represented just 5% of the childcare habitats working across the country. In 1995, just 9 chains had upwards of 24 focuses. The rest were a lot littler tasks, a considerable lot of stitch non-benefit or run in a provider’s home. Overall revenues in the business are exceptionally thin. The normal revenue driven childcare community wins 5% over expenses. Some establishment tasks work at about 7% edges. Data on the costs associated with the childcare business was found in the 1995 report entitled â€Å"Cost, Quality and Child Outcomes in Childcare Centers†. Since childcare is so work escalated, work costs represent 70% of a center’s all out expensed costs. Offices make up 15% of the used cost financial plan. Anyway economies of scale can be figured it out. Complete consumed costs decay as the quantity of youngsters served at the childcare community increments. By and large, focuses with at least 40 full-time comparable kids understood a 10% reserve funds in all out expense per youngster every hour, while focuses with 80 full-time proportional kids understood a 20% cost investment funds. One significant rising pattern in the childcare business as indicated by the Census Bureau’s Report â€Å"What Does It Cost to Mind Our Preschoolers? † is the consideration of kids during non-standard hours. The administration part is anticipated to have the most elevated and quickest developing level of move laborers at 42%. In 1990, 7. 2 million moms with 11. million youngsters younger than 15 worked either full or low maintenance during non-standard hours. Moms with kids under age 5 have the most elevated level of intentional non-standard hours. In 1991, practically 20% of all day laborers worked during non-standard hours. Positions requiring non-standard hours, for example, attendants, eatery laborers and clerks, are relied upon to represent practically 19% of the general anticipated development in work during that time 2002. As found in the ongoing examination, â€Å"Cost, Quality and Outcomes Study and the Study of Quality in F amily Care and Relative Care†, childcare is one of the most minimal paid occupations. An examination by the National Committee on Pay Equity (1987) found that childcare is the second most came up short on calling, and that the turnover rates are the most noteworthy among any industry. Childcare laborers frequently get scarcely any advantages, for example, clinical and dental protection and took care of 5 time. A decent quality place is portrayed by satisfactory providers’ wages, instruction and preparing, bringing about lower turnover. The national childcare staffing study (1990) found that wages were the most significant indicator of nature of care. Sufficient compensation is important to draw in childcare laborers with vital instruction and preparing to furnish kids with quality consideration. High turnover of staff is a worry. The essential motivation behind why individuals relinquish their positions with childcare focuses is the low salary. 31% of the suppliers procuring $200 or less every week left the occupation during 1990 as contrasted and 15% for those gaining more than that sum. Different components that impact their decision to leave of stay include: working conditions, expanding requests of guardians that can not be met, absence of advantages, individual reasons (retirement or pregnancy) and absence of vocation openings. How youngsters invest their energy when school is a worry for some guardians. As indicated by the Child Care Bulletin (March/April 1995, Issue 2) the normal kid goes through 3 hours daily staring at the TV or playing computer games. Different exercises incorporate playing with companions, schoolwork and perusing. 76% of school-matured youngsters whose moms work are thought about by at least 2 diverse childcare game plans every week. Practically 15% (14. 6%) of kids invest some energy alone every week, with that rate expanding with age. Basic childcare factors There are 4 segment and financial components that affect the childcare business. They are: †¢ The quantity of preschool youngsters. †¢ The quantity of working moms with preschool kids. †¢ The probability that guardians will choose a childcare place over other childcare courses of action. †¢ The budgetary capacity to pay for childcare focuses. 6 Number of preschool kids . The preschool populace has been expanding broadly consistently. Since 1989, more than 4-million youngsters have been conceived yearly, and that figure is required to be comparative for 1997. Information from the National Center of Health Statistics shows that over portion of the infants conceived in 1994 were destined to ladies matured 20 to 29, while a third were destined to ladies in their 30’s. Among ladies matured 40 to 44, they saw a 8% expansion in the quantity of children conceived. More seasoned moms are bound to win more and spend more on their youngsters. This consistent development can be ascribed to a few variables. One factor includes a higher than foreseen birth pace of foreigner moms. Another factor is the richness rates for ladies in there 30’s are higher than foreseen. Youngsters destined to ladies in their 30’s was 33% in 1988 when contrasted with 19% in 1976. The pattern of ladies postponing labor is required to proceed. The empowering effects of this pattern for the childcare business is that ladies matured 30-34 are bound to come back to work rapidly and require childcare administrations. These moms have set up professions to help their family ways of life. One factor that could have an effect both emphatically as well as adversely is the diminishing size of American families. There will be less youngsters destined to every family, except the general rate, as expressed above, is relied upon to remain moderately predictable. The uplifting news to the childcare business is that the move to later youngster bearing and littler families furnishes a more noteworthy number of family units with two salaries. These families with two earnings will have progressively extra cash to spend on their youngsters and the mother will be increasingly disposed to keep on working after the kids are conceived. Number of working moms with preschool youngsters . The quantity of moms with preschool kids that are working has risen consistently since the 1960’s. In 1990, 55% of the moms with youngsters under 6 were working and is relied upon to increment to 75% continuously 2000. This pattern is relied upon to proceed because of a move in perspectives toward ladies and working. The Census Bureau reports that the level of moms with newborn children under 1 year who come back to work has expanded from 15% in1968 to 51% in 1988. 7 The Study of Early Childcare, by the National Institute of Child Health and Development, found that half of the newborn children in the investigation were at childcare at 3 months old enough. More than 33% of the babies had been in any event 3 diverse childcare game plans before the finish of their first year. The investigation likewise found that the youngsters that entered the childcare at a more youthful age had moms who earned more and were less dependant upon salary from fathers or different sources. In a 1977 review, grown-ups were inquired as to whether they concurred or couldn't help contradicting the announcement, â€Å"A working mother can build up similarly as secure a relationship with her youngsters as a mother who doesn't work†. In 1977 half of the grown-ups concurred with the above articulation and in 1991 64% concurred. Also in 1992 review of understudies, 89% of the ladies overviewed considered union with be youngsters as a feature of their lives before the age of 35. Of the 89%, 97% wanted to proceed with their professions in the wake of conceiving an offspring and 88% of the men studied accepted the ladies would keep on working after the introduction of a kid. Probability that guardians will choose a childcare community over other childcare courses of action . The pattern for using childcare focuses has been expanding consistently since 1965. In 1992, the quantity of preschool offspring of working moms took a crack at childcare focuses surpassed the quantity of youngsters thought about by guardians, family members, babysitters, or family daycar

American Literature Nella Larsen Research Paper

American Literature Nella Larsen - Research Paper Example Theory Statementâ II. Primary Idea (first control of Thesis)â Larsen utilized Helga Crane to communicate her bits of knowledge about issues of race, sexual orientation and social acknowledgment. A. Brief Background B. Supporting thought or research The hero in Quicksand reflected Larsen’s early life and battles. C. Supporting thought or researchâ Helga Crane communicated Larsen’s bits of knowledge on self-personality, especially the troubles in growing up as a mulatto. D. Supporting Idea or research The sexual orientation subject was clarified by how Larsen saw parenthood as one that obliged or oppressed ladies. III. Fundamental Idea (second Control of Thesis)â The various methods of â€Å"passing†in Passing represented Larsen’s own battles for self-personality and her bits of knowledge on every one of them. A. Brief Background B. Supporting thought or research How the systems of going as a white lady †passing totally or only for comfort - exh ibited the varying methodologies toward self-character.  C. Supporting thought or researchâ There were the disappointments of Larsen’s heroes in their battles and how these mirrored her own and her contemplations in such manner. D. Supporting thought or researchâ The journey for self-way of life as communicated in Larsen’s two books was portrayed by an interchange of race, sex and social acknowledgment. The self-character handle was successful on the grounds that it was a topic Larsen knew about. E. Resistance Point Larsen’s foundation may not accurately mirror those encounters she described in her works. V. Conclusionâ Quicksand and Passing are the confirmations to show Larsen’s view, bits of knowledge and encounters with respects the subject of self-character involved in the issues of race, sex, and social acknowledgment. A. Outline of Arguments Raised B. Theory Re-wordedâ C. Closing Statement: Larsen was not happy with being an individual fro m the dark world class just as with the current options accessible to her as she continued looking for self-personality, she needed more, and for this she endured some catastrophe. To start with, she appeared to be caught by its limitation, and in light of the fact that dark encounters yearned to live in a world. Also, the arrangements she had the option to think of were all despite everything discovered needing as exhibited by the disappointments of her characters. She was torn and for her entire life, she kept on battling. The writer communicated these sentiments and observations through her compositions and her female heroes. Investigating the African American Woman: The works of Nella Larsen Nella Larsen was a well known author and short story essayist related with the Harlem Renaissance time, which one essayist has appropriately called as a time of unprecedented advancement in American dark craftsmanship and writing (Thadious, 133-145). Despite the fact that her artistic work w as restricted, it was of phenomenal quality, and earned her acknowledgment from the two counterparts and pundits today. In 1928 and 1929, Larsen distributed two books, â€Å"Quicksand† and â€Å"Passing†, individually. The two of which concentrated on the lives of African American ladies and their place in society.â She made splendid female characters in her books who battled for equivalent rights and social acknowledgment. Especially, the broad investigation dedicated to her characters and the multifaceted nature and authenticity they delineated are generally perceived. Through the jobs she investigated in them, she had the option to clarify the convergences of race and sexual orientation, and in doing as such, she showed how the conversation of dark character, which frequently confines the scope of

It is Socially Irresponsible for Americans to Drive SUV an Example by

It is Socially Irresponsible for Americans to Drive SUV’s Americans are socially unreliable when they drive enormous SUVs and with the condition of an Earth-wide temperature boost expanding at a hazardous rate all individuals should put forth an attempt to utilize less non-renewable energy source and make less contamination. Numerous individuals have the view that one individual can not have any kind of effect, this isn't correct. Americans generally have been disregarding their social obligation. The expense of gas in America is essentially lower than different places on the planet. America additionally has the biggest vehicles out and about, and thus utilize progressively petroleum derivatives that some other country on the planet. Need exposition test on It is Socially Irresponsible for Americans to Drive SUVs theme? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue Undergrads Usually Tell EssayLab masters: Who needs to compose task for me? Proficient essayists propose: Depend On Our Help In Essay Writing Exposition Helper Online Best Essay Writing Service Best Paper Writing Service Custom Writing Reviews Petroleum derivatives give around eighty-five percent of the world's business vitality, and the vehicle business - the world's driving industry - is exceptionally subject to the oil business - a nearby worldwide second to the car business. Seven of the ten biggest modern organizations in the United States are either oil or auto organizations. A significant level of carbon dioxide emanations originate from engine vehicle fumes (Mayer, p. 1). Americans utilize more petroleum derivatives than some other country and along these lines submit more outflows into the air causing a dangerous atmospheric devation one an enormous scope. By mishandling the assets accessible to them Americans are socially reckless with regards to auto mobiles and the utilization of petroleum products. The two biggest supporters of a dangerous atmospheric devation are notable and promoted. Americans can help moderate an Earth-wide temperature boost essentially by driving progressively ecological cognizant vehicles. Americans can hinder the copying of petroleum products by changing to mixture vehicles or elective vitality vehicles, ensuring all vehicles out and about breeze through outflows assessments, and cease driving larger than usual vehicles that take progressively non-renewable energy source and in light of the fact that more emanations to be discharged Americans can add to easing back an Earth-wide temperature boost. The impacts of a dangerous atmospheric devation are being felt around the world. An Earth-wide temperature boost and the softening of polar ice spread is anticipated to raise sea levels around the world, legitimately affecting on island countries who argue most firmly for restriction of petroleum product utilization by industrialized countries (Mayer, p. 1). Americans are the best supporters of an unnatural weather change. Some elective fuel strategies have been attempted and seen as effective. Another system for decreasing petroleum product emanations from vehicles is to move to exchange powered vehicles, different decisions incorporate electric, flammable gas, methane, and energy unit vehicles (Mayer, p. 1). It is an extraordinary thing that the legislature and some ecologically cognizant states have begun to help vitality proficient vehicles. The national government has offered some restricted help for the improvement of interchange powered vehicles, while California has commanded that organizations selling vehicles there advertise a specific level of zero discharge vehicles, or ZEVs(Mayer, p. 1). Albeit a little exertion is verified states isn't sufficient to stop a worldwide issue. Half and half vehicles help decrease ozone depleting substance emanations and Americans need to acknowledge their social obligation, begin driving crossover vehicles, and quit driving SUVs. The vitality utilization of the individuals of the United States is of extraordinary concern both to our country and the universes natural concerns. Congress is very much aware of our nations commitments to a worldwide temperature alteration. In 2002 the Senate passed enactment that would raise normal eco-friendliness measures to 36 mpg by 2015, a standard that would order minivans and SUVs as traveler vehicles as opposed to light trucks (Mayer, p. 1). In under ten years the grouping will affect the individuals on the United States. This measure of time is vital when we consider the condition of ozone layer and the consistent increment of an Earth-wide temperature boost. It is extraordinary enactment is being passed, yet more enactment should be past to guarantee that Americans stand firm against an unnatural weather change. As a country we would trust that people would settle on the correct decision and intentionally decide to help the soundness of the earth, the very source that continues us. Indeed, even megastars, for example, Penelope Cruz and Leonardo DiCaprio, are attempting to urge individuals to drive green vehicles. There have additionally been numerous famous people deciding to practice environmental safety and help spare the world. Stars Penelope Cruz and Leonardo DiCaprio facilitated a Pre-Oscar green get-together to show their help of electric vehicles. They, alongside a few different VIPs, picked to drive themselves to the Oscars in their new electric vehicles. The fact of the matter was clear; everybody needs to find a way to forestall a dangerous atmospheric devation (and you should pick up the pace and bounce on the temporary fad big names are surrendering limo rides!). The Pre-Oscar green gathering is was a virtuoso thought as the Oscars are enormous and individuals from everywhere throughout the world participate in the evenings occasions. The advertising behind such an occasion causes to notice the eco agreeable reason. A similar night Al Gore was regarded with an Oscar for his narrative about a worldwide temperature alteration. Individuals are being made mindful of the requirement for change. Presently the impact should be played out and Americans need to considered liable for there activities. To make transforms we have to explicitly investigate the unpredictable collaborations and shared impacts of reasoning, developmental science, morals - applied undertakings all- - and our essential associations and experiences with people and nature in ordinary life(Donnelley, p. 1). Numerous past dangers presented undeniable threat; an Earth-wide temperature boost is unmistakably progressively unobtrusive, cautioning us not with thundering tanks or consuming streams yet with undetectable gases, slow changes in our environmental factors, progressively serious climatic disturbances that, express gratitude toward God, have not yet struck a chord for most Americans. Be that as it may, beyond a shadow of a doubt. The issue is genuine. What's more, in the event that we don't change our course now, the outcomes at some point or another will be dangerous for America and for the world (Johansen, p. 13). Knowing this we as a country need to stand firm and make changes now, not a long time from now. An unnatural weather change pioneers are clearing the way towards a superior world by attempting to diminish ozone depleting substance emanations. However, with each activity there obviously is a response. Numerous SUVs supporters have outfitted towards the reason asserting that SUV drivers are socially cognizant and think before they dirty. Investigate the deduction behind a SUV promotion that showed up in Washington DC subsidized by an outfit known as the Sport Utility Vehicle Owners of America (SUVOA). Pundits were posing an inappropriate inquiry, the promotions recommended. The correct inquiry was What Does Jesus Drive? Jesus, for this situation, was Jesus Rivera, a pleased dad and Vietnam veteran. He was likewise, the advertisement educated perusers, one of 24 million who depend on their SUVs to carpool loved ones; tow vessels, campers and trailers; pull home improvement supplies; and- - in case SUV proprietors he blamed for narrow-mindedness - volunteer to take individuals to the clinic in snow crises. The new gathering revealed The New York Times, was a juvenile relationship of proprietors of game utility vehicles ... training in on their faultfinders (Roth 1). Pundits they do have and in spite of the fact that this is one approach to take a gander at SUVs. In any case, the proof is very clear and the reality remains that SUVs are gas chugging ecological dangers. Everybody should make a stride towards halting a worldwide temperature alteration. Changing to cross breed vehicles is one way we could have any kind of effect. Different countries, for example, England have been urging the United States to make a move since 1997. Around then British Prime Minister of Environment, Michael Meacher, encouraged Americans to make a move. He said it is currently time for the Americans to show more noteworthy administration (in ecological approaches) (Johansen, p. 48). Britain is making a cognizant stride urging inhabitants to buy eco-accommodating vehicles. London committee has declared it is to give drivers of eco-accommodating vehicles free inhabitants' leaving licenses sparing residents more than 110 pounds every year (Free leaving for). America needs to follow in the strides of the British and offer motivations, incidental advantages so to state, to proprietors of eco-accommodating vehicles. This will empower Americans and help us, as a country, make one stride nearer to guaranteeing our social duty as inpiduals and a country. References Donnelley, Astrakhan. Normal Responsibilities: Philosophy, Biology, and Ethics in Ernst Mayr and Hans Jonas. The Hastings Center Report 32.4 (2002): 36+. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002488050>. Johansen, Bruce E. The Global Warming Desk Reference. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 . Free Parking Permits for Eco-Cars. BBC News 15 Mar. 2007. 21 Mar. 2007 . Lackner, Klaus S., and Jeffrey D. Sachs. A Robust Strategy for Sustainable Energy. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (2005): 215+. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 . Mayer, Donald O. Corporate Governance in the Cause of Peace: An Environmental Perspective. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 35.2 (2002): 585+. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 . Shiflett, Dave. Swallowing, Gorgeous and Grand: SUVs and Those Who Love Them. National Review 11 June Questia. 24 Mar. 2007 . SUVs Save Lives!. The Wilson Quarterly Summer 2001: 84. Questia. 24 Mar. 2007 .

Discovering Essay Types Narrative, Descriptive, Expository, Argumentative

Discovering Essay Types: Narrative, Descriptive, Expository, Argumentative For several students, writing essays is usually the least favorite assignment. A majority of students feel a sense of frustration and confusion as well as a sense of being overwhelmed when it comes to writing an excellent essay. On the brighter side, in reality, essay writing is not too difficult after you become aware of the basics. So, mentioned below are four basic types of essay with an appropriate description of each. Narrative Essays (Imagine you are a storyteller) In narrative essays, you are basically writing about a real-life episode or experience that has occurred in your life. It may appear easy, and numerous students choose this essay type thinking it would be a piece of cake; however, a narrative essay is quite challenging to write. This is primarily because students are not well versed with writing about themselves. If you opt to write a narrative essay, ensure that you utilize all your senses wherever possible. Writing about sights, thoughts, feelings, and sounds will engage the interest of the readers and give them the feeling that they are present with you while you narrate your experience. Sample Topics: A memorable vacation My moment of success Descriptive Essays (Pretend that you are a Painter of a Picture) Quite similar to narrative essays, descriptive essays paint a picture utilizing the words you jot down. You may opt to write a descriptive essay about an individual, place, event, or object. Several students end up struggling with this type of essay because despite the fact that you are effectively describing something, you are not merely writing the essay for the purpose of describing something. You must find a deeper value and meaning and eventually communicate that to the reader through your description. The most excellent descriptive essays enliven a single object in all the magnificent details that it possesses. Sample Topics: A joyous train ride My best friend

Richard Loving, A White Man And Mildred Jeter - 913 Words

ï‚› In 1958, in the District of Columbia, Richard Loving, a white man and Mildred Jeter, a black woman was married. Shortly after the marriage the Loving’s returned to Virginia. Upon returning to Virginia the couple was charged with violating Virginia’s Anti-miscegenation Statue. That bans inter-racial marriages. The Loving’s were found guilty and sentenced to a year in jail but the judge offered to suspend their sentence if the Loving’s were to leave Virginia and not return for 25 years. ï‚› Racial integrity Act of 1924 prohibited interracial marriage and was passed by the General Assembly to protect â€Å"Whiteness† from negative effects of race-mixing. ï‚› What is the Question: ï‚› Did Virginia s anti-miscegenation law violate the Equal†¦show more content†¦In 1959 they were expelled from the state of Virginia for violating the state law that forbids interracial marriage. ï‚› November 6, 1963 - Bernard S. Cohen, representing Richard and Mildred Loving, files a motion in the Caroline County Circuit Court to vacate their 1959 conviction for violating the state law that forbids interracial marriage. He also asks that the two one-year suspended sentences be set aside. ï‚› January 22, 1965 - Leon M. Bazile, a judge for the circuit court of Caroline County, refuses a motion on behalf of Richard and Mildred Loving to vacate their 1959 conviction for violating the state law that forbids interracial marriage. ï‚› March 7, 1966 - In Loving v. Virginia, the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals upholds the state s antimiscegenation laws. The Court also sets aside the original conviction of Richard and Mildred Loving, finding that a sentence requiring the defendants to leave the state is unreasonable.† ï‚› April 10, 1967 - The U.S. Supreme Court hears oral arguments in the case of Loving v. Virginia. Richard and Mildred Loving, of Caroline County, are appealing their 1959 conviction for violating Virginia s laws prohibiting interracial marriage. ï‚› June 12, 1967 - In Loving v. Virginia, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously rules that Virginia s antimiscegenation statutes violate the Constitution s Fourteenth Amendment. The decisionShow MoreRelatedThe Life Of Mildred Delores Jeter And Musiel Byrd Jeter1239 Words   |  5 PagesMildred Delores Jeter was born in Central Point, Virginia on June 22, 1939. Mildred’s parents were Theoliver Jeter and Musiel Byrd Jeter. Mildred Loving was of African American, European and Native American origin, specifically from the Cherokee and Rappahannock tribes. Mildred s family had lived in the area around Central Point, Virginia for a long time, where blacks and whites mixed freely with little racial conflict even at the peak of the Jim Crow era. Mildred was a shy woman who became a reluctantRead MoreLoving vs. Virgina783 Words   |  4 PagesLOVING v. VIRGINIA Can you imagine not being able to share your life with the person you love because of the color of your skin? Well, this was the case for those who resided in Virginia decades ago. Interracial marriages were not allowed in Virginia and sixteen other states due to the adoption of the Racial Integrity Act of 1924. The sole purpose of this act was to completely prohibit a white person marrying other than another white person. Marriage licenses were not issued until theRead MoreLoving V. Virginia, Introduction, Facts, Legal Background1567 Words   |  7 PagesLoving v. Virginia Interracial marriage: Respecting the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. I. INTRODUCTION This case note will examine the 1967 landmark Supreme Court case of Loving v. Virginia. The Loving v. Virginia case touched on constitutional principles including equality, federalism, and liberty. 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One of the three officers demanded from Richard to identify the woman next to him. Mildred, full of fear, told the officers that she was his wife, while Richard pointed to the marriage license on the wall. The couple was then charged and later found guilty in violation of the states anti-miscegenation statute. Mr. and Mrs. Loving were residentsRead MoreAmerica s Miscegenation Anxiety And The State Of Virginia1383 Words   |  6 Pagescitizenship, or to deny any person â€Å"the equal protection of the laws.† After the Supreme Court ultimately neutralized this amendment through its decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, the southern states, individually, built legal barriers between blacks and whites in practically every aspect of life. America’s miscegenation anxiety, very clearly documented in legislature, can also be found in social thought and theory. Indeed, Thomas Jefferson’s Notes On The State of Virginia must be thought of as one ofRead MoreHow The Virginia State Statue Of Anti Miscegenation And The Fourteenth Amendment Essay2353 Words   |  10 Pagesbiracial marriages and segregation laws that were discriminatory in history. I read the short story about the Loving family and their pursuit to the Supreme Court in 1967, I thought of my own family history and realized that my paternal grandparents would’ve been prosecuted had they lived in Virginia or any other state that prohibited bi-racial marriages in the 1900s. My grandfather was an Irish man and my grandmother was a Native American Crow Creek Dakotah/HoChunk woman, luckily they weren’t victimsRead MoreShould Same Sex Marriage Be Legal?2556 Words   |  11 PagesAlia Thompson Wanosky APUSH, Block F June 10, 2015 US History: Definition of a â€Å"Real Marriage† Can the US government define a marriage in 2015? In the United States, marriage is defined as â€Å"a formal union between a man and woman† [New York Times]. It is estimated that 229 million people currently are legally married in United States [Freedom to Marry]. But at the same time only thirty-six states including the District of Columbia is where same sex marriage is legal [Freedom to Marry]. RecentRead MoreThe Supreme Court and Civil Rights Essay991 Words   |  4 PagesCourt took on more responsibility and started making additional decisions, which in time helped minorities gain their civil rights. It took a couple of years, as a matter of fact till the 1900’s for the Supreme Court to get out of the â€Å"ideology of white supremacy and the practice of racism,† (Smith). Though the decisions of the Supreme Court were not all that appreciated in the beginning, following the 20th century the court really facilitated in the advancements of civil rights. The Supreme CourtRead MoreThe Changes in Society’s Views on Interracial Dating over Time1466 Words   |  6 Pagesinterracial relationships became more relevant. It sparked much controversy after a couple from Virginia was arrested for participating in an interracial relationship. The case, Loving versus Virginia, was taken to the Supreme Court, who found it to be unconstitutional. The couple, Richard Loving, a white man, and his wife, Mildred, a black woman, were married in Washington D.C. Almost immediately after, they went back to their home state of Virginia. However, their happiness was short lived after they

An Examination Of The Course Of Occasions During Which...

This is an examination of the course of occasions in which helped our country s first war. This paper will diagram a huge number of aspects concerning this war. Things tended to are the sea, monetary and political issues that most researchers would consider to be the essential drivers of the war. This item will give a short outline depicting the occasions and numerous complex connections between the countries, economies and political issues confronting this time. The examination and handover of President Jefferson and his basically monetary methodology to attaining to achievement and President Madison acquiring a troubling circumstance in which alternatives were extremely restricted. Despite all of President Madison s endeavors to†¦show more content†¦The United States was moderately youthful as a country and untested by war. At the time, its ground power Army involved about six thousand normal troops. Its Navy represented more or less sixteen vessels. Basically, its military may was as modest and curious. Interestingly, the British Navy represented six hundred boats in its stock while its ground energy Army recorded a quarter of a million men in its positions. Most history specialists have observed there is no single reason for the War of 1812 however a few related reasons. The United States questioned numerous British oceanic practices. In the 1790 s, amid the first time of the war in the middle of Britain and France, The British completed a large portion of these practices. Because of the apparent dangers of an attack by Napoleon, the British implemented lively execution of these arrangements. This neurosis joined with different elements roused the British to disregard the privileges of other non-risk substances to keep any conceivable support to the French. Through the marks of mercantilist approaches starting to waver, American transportation was turning into an expanding risk to British financial and business matchless quality. This was later esteemed a danger to British national security. Impressments got to be an alternate noteworthy component of the oceanic issues. It rapidly turned into a standout amongst the most unstable issues between the two nations. Impressment included the privilege to hunt

Essay the Secret History by Donna Tartt free essay sample

The Secret History – Donna Tartt // Essay by Hanneke van Eijk The five Greek students, Camilla, Henry, Francis, Charles and Richard were patiently waiting near the ravine, hoping for their friend to come. When they almost gave up and were on the verge of leaving, a drunken Bunny emerged from the footpath. ‘So, what’s the story, deerslayers? You all just felt like coming out here to study the vegetation? ’. ‘Well, not exactly’, said the cool voice of Henry and he took a step towards him. Bunny’s eyed widened with startled incredulity. Come on, fellas, you’re joking, right? ’ Henry gave Bunny a push, who toppled backwards and fell to his death. The novel â€Å"The Secret History† by Donna Tartt deals with everything around the murder of Bunny, from the students’ motives till the dreadful moments after his death and funeral. But who is this character Bunny? Bunny, which is a nickname for Edmund Corcoran, is the s on of a football star who turned banker. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay the Secret History by Donna Tartt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He grows up in a loving and devoted family in the suburbs with his four brothers and parents. They live the lifestyle of the rich and famous, but actually don’t have a red cent. Bunny’s best friend Henry says that Bunny’s parents are like reptiles. They hatch their young and abandon them to the elements. What Henry means by this, is that Bunny’s parents always manage to work around the fact that they are poor. This is shown in the fact that Bunny’s parents pay for only his tuition to Hampden University, but that Bunny has to figure out for himself how he will get the money to take care of himself. So, they can put him in a school, but don’t have the resources to provide for him in any other way. Bunny is not a very intelligent boy, but he has developed the skill of tricking people into paying bills or giving him money and he is very successful at stealing food out of the university dorm refrigerators. Of course, friends wouldn’t mind helping out a comrade, but Bunny is a high maintenance boy who – like his parents – wants to live the life of a rich man. A perfect example of Bunny’s trickeries can be found in the book on page 63. Bunny has invited Richard to a lengthy lunch and both boys eat and drink massive amounts of the most expensive foods and wines. When it is time to pay the 287-dollar check, Bunny seems to have â€Å"forgotten† his wallet. Since Richard was the one invited, he hasn’t brought his wallet either, so that Henry has to come to the restaurant and pay for the two boys, knowing that he will never get his money back from Bunny, who he already is very much acquainted to. However, Bunny doesn’t need his skills any longer when he figures out his fellow students’ dirty little secret. He uses his power of knowledge to blackmail them and make their lives a living hell, especially Henry’s, with a disastrous outcome. After a long time of only suspicions, Bunny finds out that his fellow classmates – with the exception of Richard – have killed an innocent farmer during a Bacchanal rite which he wasn’t invited to. He is morally outraged by this and becomes a huge nuisance by making hateful comments, making his friends serve him, making Henry and some of the others pay for whatever he needs or wants and dropping subtle remarks about the death of the farmer when other people are around. This vicious side of Bunny can be found among others on page 226 of the novel, where Richards finds Bunny sitting shirtless in the windowsill of the house kitchen, drinking a cup of coffee and leafing through some magazines. He has Camilla ironing his shirt and he makes a comment to Richard about how women are good for only two things, being too much of a â€Å"gentleman† to mention the second one. He also orders Charles to get Richard a cup of coffee, feeling too good to stand up himself and knowing that Charles will obey him because â€Å"he knows†. The group of deerslayers – how Bunny calls them – is watchful yet weary of Bunny’s behavior, but only see him as a direct threat to their freedom when he goes to Richard and tells him precisely what happened. Luckily for the group, Richard already knows and is on their side. The groups needs to get rid of Bunny before he tells anyone else, and so they do. What they do not know is that Bunny has written a letter to their teacher Julian Morrow on the night he told Richard everything. However, Julian Morrow reads this letter weeks after Bunny’s death and for a moment he believes it is a fake. He finds out the letter is truly from Bunny when he sees the back of one piece of paper, which is paper from the hotel where Bunny and Henry stayed during their holiday in Italy. He then knows that everything he is reading is true and that his students are murderers. The letter from Bunny is important to the story, because it leads to the departure of Julian. Henry, the leader of the students who killed both Bunny and the innocent farmer, saw Julian not only as a teacher, but also as a role model and a father figure. He feels betrayed and abandoned and combined with the massive headaches caused by stress and the grief for Bunny (who nevertheless was his best friend), he kills himself in a selfish yet altruistic way, saving his friend from being exposed and most likely from a lifelong time in prison. (words: 931)

Kiki Smiths Biography and Works

Kiki Smith was born to Tony Smith an American Sculptor in 1954 in Nuremberg, Germany. She is an American born in Germany. Much of her childhood years, Kiki spend assisting her father in his work. She received formal education. She did not love art at her tender age because all her childhood was spent working for her father.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Kiki Smith’s Biography and Works specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More She did not enjoy her childhood as other children did. When other children went for fun activities like camping they never had the opportunity, their work was dividing twigs for her father and assisting him in his work. She did not like what he father did and his appearance because of how children made fun of his beard and owning a porches until having a beard became fashionable. Her work involves using sculptors, paintings and drawings in storytelling. Most of her art work especia lly in her early years in her career revolved around the topic of death. Until having a beard became fashionable. Kiki was born to a catholic family. She believes that her upbringing helped to shape her future career as an artist. She compares Catholics with art, in that, the Catholic faith creates a connection between the spiritual world and the physical world that is like art, the Catholic faith brings out what inside is. She also brings out the connection between art and the catholic that both are forms of storytelling. Kiki’s art work employs the use of sculptors, paintings and drawings to pass out her message. She employs the iconography of fairy tales and story in her work, she borrows from the western iconography already lade nor fraught with meaning. The visual symbolism of little Red Riding Hood, the Evil Witch, the screaming banshee, trigger a flurry of associations. Smith breaks this dialogue, however, by interjecting unexpected storylines into the traditional stor ies (Close 170). She has a passion for paintings and sculptures she explains that this is so because with paintings and sculptures, you can redesign them until you bring out what you want. To her, this is a passion and she gives the best (Richard 251). Kiki Smith is more interested in her own world. Her work involves more of making observations then in appreciation she gives a story. It is more of observation than personal interaction. It is about her personal world and how it relates to others. Kiki says, â€Å"The most important thing for me is looking at objects† (Richard 251). She gets inspiration by observing things. She confirms that to her, it is hard to read that she uses observation; even in her school days, she found it difficult to read so what she knows best is paying attention to things or in her words, â€Å"I listen to things, or I listen to what people say† (Seaman 718).Advertising Looking for research paper on art? Let's see if we can help you! Ge t your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Her works in the beginning of her career mainly were related to death. She would wonder why people die and if it was fit for men to die. This arose after her father’s death. Her work was based on how she could survive and protect herself from death. She thinks art is about one trying to protect him/herself. In her room, she had a skull and had a picture of Charlie Manson. She would speak to the skull and say that Charlie will never get her. This is how much she feared death. She was always afraid of death and kept on thinking that someone would die in their building. She testifies that something strange used to happen in that building and the moment she entered, no one died but they could receive warnings from the fire department and that they needed to clean the house or else a bad thing would happen there (Yablonsky 134). Once she had the phone ring, fear would encompass her and she would not like going home because she th ought someone had died. In her childhood, she always thought death would strike all the time. This influences the start of her career in artwork where, according to her, art work initially focused on death. Never did she understand why people died until she finally accepted that it was okay for people to die. She found death to be strange as a child. She hardly believes in things she has not seen because her motivation is in seeing and not much in hearing. She believes that it is good to be observant for you to get to know a lot. To her, once you see something, you are able to interpret it in other forms (Drake 287). She is a big fan of Virgin Mary. This is because she was raised as a catholic. She has made many artworks in regard to the virgin. Her father used to remind her that â€Å"it was Irish catholic to be morbid† (Drake 287). Most of Kiki’s work borrows from Julia Kristeva especially her beliefs of the â€Å"abject† and â€Å"horror† in her tales about AIDS. Both artists are feminists and have a great interest in sexual matters and women representation. The work of both artists in their artwork creates the picture of feminism that is feminine emotions and psychology. Works Cited Close, Chuck. Kiki Smith. Time 167.19 (2006): 170. Print.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Kiki Smith’s Biography and Works specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Drake, Cathryn. Kiki Smith. Artforum international 44.4(2005): 287. Print. Richard, Frances. Kiki Smith. Artforum international 48.9(2010): 251. Print. Seaman, Donna. Kiki Smith. The Booklist 95.8 (1998): 718. Print. Yablonsky, Linda. Kiki Smith. Artforum international 44.1(2005): 134. Print. This research paper on Kiki Smith’s Biography and Works was written and submitted by user Gunnar Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan English Literature Learning Syllabus

Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan English Literature Learning Syllabus Introduction The education enables people to gain new skills in a formal and governmentally controlled way which then benefits the individual’s professional training and promotional ladder movement. Though some people think education to be a rudiment of the renaissance age when this was a concept available to rich people only, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of education on different levels and in different ages.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan: English Literature Learning Syllabus specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The age groups of learners vary regarding the essence of learning. For instance, elementary and secondary education is obligatory aspect of ordinary life in most countries of the world whereas ESL learning is the area available to people who want to learn English and master it to the degree of native speaking. At the same time, many nations acknowle dge necessity of learning other languages than the native one in the context of the globalisation and developing cultural diversity issues. The syllabus will include vocabulary, language focus, listening, and speaking sections that consist of specific topics necessary for adequate development of language skills in whole. The present learning syllabus in Taiwan elementary schools was introduced to make the learning-teaching process more effective. Along with the new syllabus, a new assessment scale was introduced to functions as the following: understanding the strengths and weaknesses of students’ learning ability, assisting teachers in monitoring student learning progress, evaluating students’ learning, placing students in learning groups based on given institutional standards (Chan, 2006, p. 37). So, the syllabus for the primary school in Taiwan includes interventions for reading (phonemic awareness), writing, listening, and speaking. Reforms can be considered anot her important aspect of many sectors of human activity including education that should be adjusted to changing needs and preferences of the population with regard to the expansion of businesses into the global market, development of new areas in new fields of industry with the help of foreign partners or involvement of foreign investors. In this respect, ESL learners in Taiwan are facing the necessity of introducing new English literature learning syllabus in accordance with the importance of being in the mainstream of the language learning. Besides, a combination of the most effective approaches to design of the literature learning syllabi can be more effective than the application of a single approach or in-turn application of different approaches.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More So, ESL learners can benefit from introduction of the new approach that is aimed at u sing the task-based and topic-based learning syllabi. The present project is designed in order to outline an English literature learning syllabus for ESL learners of 8-12 years old in Taiwan. The subject will include reading, speaking, writing, listening, and pronunciation interventions for ESL students that would contribute positively to the development of language skills necessary for adequate academic development which is impossible without good reading, speaking, writing, listening, and pronunciation skills. Background The English literature learning syllabus should include the features of the topic-based and task-based approaches because ESL students should benefit more from the introduction of new instructions. The syllabus should include clear instructions and be more oriented on gaining the knowledge on a specific topic rather than on a definite text that is aimed at developing knowledge in a concrete area. General aims of the course include design of a new English learning syllabus or ESL learners in Taiwan. The social, cultural, and educational environments are under the influence of the political and economical ones because of the emerging tendencies in the economy and growth of globalisation. Participants of this syllabus are ESL learners in Taiwan and well-qualified teachers who have experience in primary teaching and ESL teaching as well. The English literature learning syllabus is introduced for the primary EFL students in Taiwan to enable them to gain knowledge in English language and understand the peculiarities of culture better. Theoretical Framework The globalization and the development of an international perspective have pushed English to become an international language or global communication language. Many countries see English as a basic educational requirement (Maurais and Morris, 2003). The motivation and environment have been examined as factors that influence the language acquisition progress by many researchers. As reported in th e study by Gunderson (2008), â€Å"Cummins argued that learning occurs in different contexts [that] provide substantial cues to the learner† (p. 41). Corson (1999) reviews the methods that can be applied to increase the language and literature learning efficiency in the ESL class.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan: English Literature Learning Syllabus specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, increase of motivation, reduce the level of anxiety, and increase the level of pupils’ self-confidence and others (p. 199). This means that environment and motivation are of great importance for the ESL students’ effectiveness in learning. The current situation is such as the ESL learning syllabus is mostly based on the insufficient teacher training resources, content-based or topic-based approach to the presentation of new learning material in class, cooperative l earning, and learning in groups when students are divided into smaller groups than the class usually comprises for better acquisition of the presented material. In addition, the current situation with ESL students in primary school in Taiwan is such that students start learning English as a second language in a younger age than they used to before; so, students may experience difficulties related to associations built in the native and the foreign language. Moreover, students are taught to build analogies and simplify more complicated terms and concepts using new vocabulary. Qualification of teachers plays one of the major roles in effectiveness of instructions and the expected outcomes of the teaching process. â€Å"Students who are not isolated in ESL programs are thrust into mainstream classrooms with teachers little prepared to accommodate them† (Flood, International Reading Association and National Council of Teachers of English, 2003, p. 430). As suggested by Carder (20 07), â€Å"ESL teachers for primary (ages 6-11 or 12) should be well-qualified teachers of this age group, with additional training in second language teaching† (p. 38). Besides, the student teacher ratio should not exceed 8:1 (eight students per one teacher) if the ESL syllabus concerns the primary school (Carder, 2007, p. 40). The history of ESL reading instructions was reviewed by Gunderson (2008) who analysed the approaches and reading programmes used by different scholars and practicing teachers of ESL learners with regard to effectiveness of each approach and benefits gained by learners. The first approach includes a bottom-up model of teaching according to which â€Å"most teachers appear to believe students should be taught skills such as phonics and letter-sound relationship† (Gunderson, 2008, p. 36). The second model, in this case, concerns the top-down approach when students are â€Å"asked to read meaningful material† which excludes teaching the lett er-sound correspondence directly (Gunderson, 2008, p. 36).Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The compromise between these two models is reached in the third one called interactive which is supposed to combine the designs of both the top-down and the bottom-up models (Gunderson, 2008, pp. 36-37). Combination of different learning syllabi is welcomed in the educational system in order to promote educational level of ESL learners. Variety of views and approaches makes it easier for teachers to use and combine the most effective educational models for ESL students to benefit from them. Ferris and Hedgcock (2005) report about the variety of views developed in terms of the ESL composition writing, namely the opinion of expressivists who think that expressing oneself in the process of writing is the most important part of writing and cognitivists who consider problem-solving and analysis the main components of the writing process (pp. 5-6). Task-based learning can be useful in addressing conditions related to ESL students’ writing practice (Cumming, 2006, p. 163). Hinkel (2 004a) reports about the varieties of instructions for writing classes and importance of writing skills for ESL students. As such, opinion-based reports and essays are aimed at reflecting personal thoughts and vision of a student (Hinkel, 2004a, p. 10) whereas the fact-based exemplification allows the instructor to assess the cognitive concept and the knowledge gained by the ESL student (p. 24). Topic- or content-based approach to the learning syllabus which was introduced in the late 1970s in Australia to cope with the problem of ESL students that should have been included into mainstream school curriculum became a real innovation (Evans, 1996, pp. 179-180). As suggested by Evans (1996), the structure of the lesson was based on a topic, its visual presentation, building of a reading passage, analysis of the passage, and the final writing (pp. 180-182). Besides, careful structuring of the task has been identified as the primary factor for effective teaching-learning process using the task-based approach (Clegg, 1996, p. 17). In addition, the pace of language and inter-language development should be increased to ensure that an ESL student succeeds in learning (Clegg, 1996, p. 18). Different approaches used with ESL students enable the teacher to perform the teaching-learning process more effectively. The study by Brownlie, Feniak and McCarthy (2004) enables the readers to understand the benefits of different models of learning. For instance, ESL students are claimed to benefit more from lessons if they find the tasks a bit difficult and challenging and the instructions do not take the most part of the lesson (Brownlie, Feniak and McCarthy, 2004, p. 2). A literature learning syllabus for ESL primary learners may focus more on topics and vocabulary rather than on specific works of literature (Carder, 2007, p. 55). The process of reading is not only a part of the English literature learning syllabus but also an important element of second language acquisition that has a number of benefits (Carder, 2007, p. 59). Language learning syllabus should be aimed at developing such skills as recognition and identification of definite â€Å"sounds, letters, lexicogrammar, sentence†, â€Å"awareness of language†, and other useful components that would be applied during the entire learning course (Carder, 2007, p. 58). Mississippi Department of Education (1998) insisted on the importance of instructing students how to read; so, clear instructions facilitate learning. Grade books may appear to be too difficult and easier variants can be used. The book by Barchers (1991) is structured in an interesting way including texts and explanations and clear instructions to each of them making it really simple: Read the book aloud. Allow the students to fill in words as they listen. During the second reading, list a variety of examples of alliteration on the board. Find the 60 objects in the book that begin with the letter â€Å"f†. Then list all the foods mentioned in the story (Barchers, 1991, p.146). The study by Honig (2001) advocates the importance of associating the typed text with the speech heard by students. Larkin (2003) insists on the importance of reading words correctly; this method â€Å"†¦ helps students to improve their reading comprehension, increase their vocabulary, and work cooperatively with peers† (p.156). Assessment of the ESL learners enables the teachers to thrust them into mainstream curriculum school so that they became an integral part of the learning process paying no attention to their previous achievement and gaining knowledge in other subjects as well as mastering their language skills. The skills gained by ESL learners are assessed by the teachers in order to identify whether they are ready to enter the mainstream of the curriculum with other students whose native language is English; assessment includes measurement of listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills and pronunci ation (McKay, 2006). At the same time, some learners may feel anxiety while being assessed and demonstrate poorer skills and knowledge than was previously seen in ordinary classes without introducing tests and assessment scales. The task-based curriculum requires students to be capable of fulfilling various tasks that are claimed to become useful for future learning; topic-based curriculum is supposed to be limited to specific topics taught through various visual aids and instructions to facilitate understanding of the topic and build bridges between the native language and second language. Literature-based approach in teaching-learning is isolated in terms of the definite number of literary sources in accordance to which the ESL students are expected to acquire knowledge about the environment and cultural peculiarities of the second language. Competency-based syllabus is designed in a way that makes the ESL students gain knowledge and experience in the areas that are believed to be of primary importance; for instance, students are taught to identify letter-sound relations in order to pas the text on this activity later. Context Analysis The effectiveness of every model that has been in operation should not be questioned because it appeared to be effective for the period in which it operated. At the same time, the model or design is updated as soon as it becomes inappropriate for the audience, other methodologies applied to it, and the results anticipated from its work. In this respect, the effect of the communicative language teaching model has been analysed by Hinkel (2011b), â€Å"The communicative competence model proved highly successful in broadening the scope of classroom teaching and applied linguistics† (p. 348). In this case, this model is worth being used for design of a new English literature learning syllabus for ESL students in Taiwan. Needs analysis can be fulfilled using the needs assessment tool introduced in the study by Nunan (1992, p . 248), can be seen in the Appendices section. According to this tool, students should be surveyed with the help of simple questions that concern their language skills and language difficulties experienced in their ordinary environment. So, this survey enables the teacher to identify without any stressful tests how a student feels about his/her progress in English, communication in different levels, listening skills, and other areas that might require more attention in the process of teaching-learning. Material and visual resources should contain word cards and pictures where all the objects and most situations in different topics are depicted. In this respect, a teacher would not need to write down the words on the blackboard every time. Besides, it would be interesting for children to draw pictures on different topics by themselves to put those up when the teacher asks them in English. Visual perception of the text as well association of words with specific objects is very importa nt. Preparation for every lesson will take a lot of time if a teacher is going to provide every; time limitation would not be a problem in case of clear organization of the lesson with comprehensive instructions. The use of vocabulary and other tools to enrich the students’ understanding of the language structure and meaning and develop ESL students’ desire to learn the language further are the primary tasks of the course. Course Rationale, Organisation, And Approach Aims of the course include a variety of assignments aimed at developing listening and reading skills, writing and speaking skills, and pronunciation. Besides, comprehension of the read material should be an integral part of the expected results of the learning syllabus because lack of understanding contributes negatively to the further learning achievements and influences the entire concept of language learning as it includes many aspects. The course is designed for the ESL learners in Taiwan taking into a ccount the primary school aged 8-12 years. Instructional language with a prevailing number of infinitive constructions will be used to provide instructions in the classroom. The lexical range of verbs will be developed as the class progresses including adequate translations as soon as the verb is introduced for the first time and repetition of the verb accompanied by specific actions. For instance, if a teacher tells â€Å"take your books†, he/she should do what he/she says to show pupils, repeat the same phrase in their native language and repeat it in English again. The assessment of achievement will be performed right after the class (using a 5-10 minute period to find out what pupils got to know). In addition, every class should start with a brainstorming activity to recollect what was said and learn at the previous class. The learning-teaching context will concern an ordinary classroom that will be steadily filled in with words and pictures on the walls referring to the topics studied in the language acquisition, in literature, and grammar. This course strives to help students to gain more abilities for reading, writing and speaking. The following areas will be components of the syllabus analysis and justification: description of entry level to course, description of intended exit level, description of assessment, course description, and course goals. Description of entry level to course The entry level to the course will include needs analysis using the model offered in the appendices section and evaluation of the gaps students may have in terms of the English language acquisition and use in everyday life and activities requiring the use of English language. At this stage, it is necessary to recognise that a student has or might have problems and he/she needs help in coping with those issues. Dividing the class into groups should not be fulfilled in accordance with the language competence level but on the basis of the types of information percepti on. For instance, some students may read and remember the typed text better while others are better listeners and understand the speech on the TV and on the radio better than their classmates. Description of intended exit level The exit level for ESL students that are going to finish this course include achievement of the goals enumerated below. Description of Assessment The assessment of the preliminary stage was already discussed while assessment of each student’s achievement in terms of language acquisition concerns the tests and quizzes aimed at analysis of the speaking, reading, writing, listening, and pronunciation skills. Course Description The course includes information on topics to improve the ESL students’ speaking, writing, listing, reading, and pronunciation skills. Course Goals Improve listing and comprehension skills Strengthen vocabulary Develop students’ basic English communication abilities (speaking including formulation of their thoughts) Ra ise students’ interest in learning English Broaden students’ cross-culture awareness The importance of grammar cannot be excluded from the learning syllabus. The study by Gordon (2007) contains analysis of different approaches used to teach grammar as a part of the language learning syllabus. However, everything can be arranged in the following way: the first phase of teaching-learning should concern noun phrases (nouns, adjectives, pronouns, determiners, noun clauses, and infinitives) (Lester, 2008, pp. 3-119). The next phase of learning should enable ESL students to acquire verb phrases using basic forms of the verbs, special verbs, adverbs, and vary tenses of the verbs (Lester, 2008, pp. 119-273). Finally, active and passive sentences including affirmative and interrogative statements should be introduced to the ESL students so that they could find the application of their knowledge on parts of speech in practice (Lester, 2008, pp. 273-334). In this respect, gramma r can be arranged in the way that meets the topic of the speaking and reading parts of the syllabus. Vocabulary The vocabulary should include the topics indicated in the appendices section in order to make the learning process more well-organized and structured for better understanding of the foreign culture by ESL students in Taiwan. Speaking: The topics for speaking include the same as those for development of ESL students’ vocabulary because the topics should coincide in order to be effective in the learning syllabus. As such, the topics are the same as for vocabulary area: Listening: The same as the speaking and vocabulary areas concerns the listening area because it is important to develop different skills using the topic-based approach. Writing: This area of the learning syllabus should combine the grammar and vocabulary/speaking/listening topics in order to be effective. Nouns and pronouns should be introduced with the topic about ‘myself’ and family while the adjectives would be better used with such topics as weather and appearance. Adverbs can be introduced together with the topic of directions and geography while differences between direct and indirect speech should be learnt in the framework of the discussion of literary sources. Pronunciation: This area should include the same sources as for other areas such as speaking and vocabulary. Grading Scale Writing Assignments 30% Tests/quizzes 50% Class Participation 20% Anticipated Problems And Limitations Limitation of the course includes the number of teacher necessary to accomplish every lesson because the learning groups should consist of 8-10 students and no more. Besides, it is necessary to take into account the amount of materials necessary for every topic and importance of variety of assignments so that students were not bored. Approach To Course Evaluation The assessment of the needs was already offered in the Appendices section while the evaluation of the outcomes should be performed after every class and after every topic using standard tests and evaluation sheets. For instance, Hedge (2000), uses 2 stages of textbook selecting process. The syllabus is designed in the way suggested in this paper using specific topics for instruction and clear explanation of assignments for students. The further gaps of the syllabus can be identified in the process of operation and indicated by the teacher and survey aimed at analysing the students’ opinion and their satisfaction level. Other limitations of the syllabus include the previous experience of the students in English language acquisition and their achievements. The course evaluation should comprise at least two approaches aimed at analysis of the achievements before and after the implementation of the new syllabus. As such, it is possible to introduce a test based on multiple-choice questions for students of 8-12 age group so that a teacher could see their literacy level and divide them adequately in to groups for teaching-learning a new syllabus. The next step in the assessment should include evaluation of students’ achievements after being in the program for some time (at least two months); this means that evaluation should be performed in a stage-by-stage manner to understand the effectiveness of the syllabus and its influence on the learning process of ESL students in primary school in Taiwan. Conclusion The reforms are always important for different sectors of human activity but education is one of the areas where reforms also can be either positive or negative. As a rule, the gaps in the methodologies and techniques are identified after their implementation into full operation. This also causes multiple problems and necessity for solving them. As such, the importance of education was advocated in many studies while others think education to be a rudiment of the ancient ages when this was a method for achieving some goals. At the same time, education remains the meth od of achieving one’s goals because it enables people to think differently, read books, and learn something new due to their skills. The age of learners can vary but the methodologies remain the same because of their proven effectiveness. English is claimed to be an international language and every country attempts to introduce it as a foreign language into the system of education to develop the learners’ interest and desire to learn it in a more advanced level. Every syllabus should be designed in the way that facilitates understanding and learning of the material offered by the teacher. Social, cultural and educational values may shift priorities but the desires remain the same and people often need formal education to go further up the career promotional ladder. In Taiwan, education has a strong basis for English language acquisition and instructions but they want to achieve more in giving their students the best practices and making them more experienced in English . Reference List Barchers, S. (1991). Bridges to Reading: Grades K-3. Florida: Libraries Unlimited. Brownlie, F., Feniak, C. and McCarthy, V., 2004. Instruction and assessment of ESL learners: promoting success in your classroom. 2nd ed. Winnipeg, MB: Portage Main Press. Carder, M., 2007. Bilingualism in international schools: a model for enriching language education: Volume 8 of Parents and teachers guides. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Chan, Yu-Ching, 2006. â€Å"Elementary school EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices of multiple assessments.† Reflections on English Language Teaching 7.1, pp. 37–62. Clegg, J. ed., 1996. Mainstreaming ESL: case-studies in integrating ESL students into the mainstream curriculum. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Corson, D., 1999. Language policy in schools: a resource for teachers and administrators. Mahwah, NJ: Routledge. Cumming, A. H., 2006. Goals for academic writing: ESL students and their instructors. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Evans, R., 1996. Content-based language teaching: geography for ESL students. In: J. Clegg, ed. Mainstreaming ESL: case-studies in integrating ESL students into the mainstream curriculum. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. pp. 179-198. Ferris,D. and Hedgcock, J., 2005. Teaching ESL composition: purpose, process, and practice. 2nd ed. Mahwah, NJ: Routledge. Flood, J., International Reading Association, and National Council of Teachers of English, 2003. Handbook of research on teaching the English language arts. 2nd ed. Mahwah, NJ: Routledge. Gunderson, L., 2008. ESL (ELL) literacy instruction: a guidebook to theory and practice. 2nd ed. Abingdon, Oxon: Taylor Francis. Hedge, T., 2000. Teaching and learning in the language classroom. Oxford: OUP. Hinkel, E., 2004a. Teaching academic ESL writing: practical techniques in vocabulary and grammar. Mahwah, NJ: Routledge. Hinkel, E. ed., 2011b. Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning, Volume 2. Abingdon, Oxon: Taylor Francis. Honig, B. (2001). Teaching Our Children to Read: The Components of an Effective, Comprehensive Reading Program. California: Corwin Press. Larkin, M. J. (2003). Reading Strategies for Elementary Students with Learning Difficulties. California: Corwin Press Lester, M., 2008. McGraw-Hills essential ESL grammar: a handbook for intermediate and advanced ESL students. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. Maurais, J. and Morris, M. A. eds., 2003. Languages in a globalising world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. McKay, P., 2006. Assessing young language learners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Gordon, T., 2007. Teaching young children a second language. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. Nunan, D., 1992. Collaborative language learning and teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS AND LAW ( A STRATEGY FOR A WATER COMPANY ) Essay

CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS AND LAW ( A STRATEGY FOR A WATER COMPANY ) Bonus to the writer - Essay Example In the traditional strategy, the design is conducted by a client that is different from the contractor in charge of constructing the project according to OGC (nd). Other variants of the management contracting strategy include design, manage and construct and construction management. The design and build strategy on the hand is where the consultant that designs a construction is also charged with the responsibility of actualizing it in reality. The other main strategy is the management strategy. This strategy involves contracting an organization to be in charge of ensuring that other contractors in a project deliver predefined goal effectively (OGC nd). The management contractor in most cases is separate from the consultant that completes the design of the construction. There are a number of factors that must be considered when selecting a contract strategy. The main factor involved in this respect include timing, variation, price certainty, competition, quality, complexity profession al responsibility, risk avoidance, and professional responsibility. ... 1. Bestwater Main Rehabilitation Contract Strategy Bestwater’s main rehabilitation project is aimed to replace small diameter water mains with MDPE pipes. The project however involves a lot of liaising with several authorities. The contract will involve a little of risk related to timely completion of the work as there is about five years to complete the tasks involved. The work involves general and specialized activities that may necessitate the contracting of different contractual partners to spread the risks involved as well as to achieve the best possible quality of service. Alternatives In order to accomplish this task, the company may opt to use the traditional and design and build contract strategies. The advantages associated with traditional contract strategy include the competitive tendering, cost certainty at the beginning of the construction process and the existence of clear lines of responsibility as noted by Engineering Construction EDC (1985). The strategy also makes it easy to change designs while making use of the best possible design and construction skills. This strategy can however make it difficult to complete the project in the shortest possible time since decision making is bound to be slow and convoluted. Furthermore, this strategic option requires good organizational interfaces which may not be very easy to achieve. On the other hand, design and build has high buildability levels making the project have short completion times. The company’s responsibility in the process is also reduced which makes the company bear less risks compared to the traditional strategy (Walker and Hampson 2002). The quality provided by this option may however not be as good as that offered by

DISCUSS THE POSSIBLE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE HEALTH OF THE UK Essay - 1

DISCUSS THE POSSIBLE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE HEALTH OF THE UK POPULATION - Essay Example Continuous accumulation of the heat energy makes the atmosphere to have warmer temperatures. It is this blanket of greenhouse gases that leads to global warming. The continuous global warming has led to effects like climate change. The health of human beings is affected negatively by the climate change condition. It is because of the extremes in hot temperatures due to the global warming. UK is experiencing health problems in its population because its geographical location is the temperate regions (McMichael 2003, p. 57). Research has shown that the high temperatures are associated with an outbreak of diseases. Pest and vectors thrive well in regions with a hot climate, and this makes UK population vulnerable to diseases. Also they diseases are easily spread over the population affecting massive numbers of people. Most reports have shown a strong correlation between climate change and health of the UK population. Among many impacts that a country can face, the following are possible impacts of climate change on health of the UK population. Heat waves are harmful and can cause death. In 2003, UK temperatures recorded 38oC and this was the highest. During this year, more than 2000 people died as a result of the heat wave that was in the country (Kreis & Leornadi 2012, p. 223). The young and the old are more vulnerable to the impacts of the heat wave. They suffer from respiratory problems that may cause the heart to overwork and can lead to a heart failure. The human body needs optimum temperatures for the parts to operate well. Any extremes in the environmental temperatures poses risk on health. Heat is essential for supporting life on earth, but it can become a problem when it is at the extremes. In UK, 30oC during the day and 15oC at night will stimulate an alert in the country. These temperatures will affect human health if they heat the atmosphere for more than 48 hours. The

Opening sequence of two contrasting Soap Operas Essay Example for Free

Opening sequence of two contrasting Soap Operas Essay The opening sequence of a British soap The opening sequence of East Enders seems to be slightly monotonous, the colours are made up of greys and blues. Straight away the title of the soap opera rolls onto the screen and a strong drumbeat takes a hold of the viewers attention. The drum sounds like a sudden heartbeat (the sort a person gets when they are taken aback by a certain situation) it seems that this is the effect they want the viewer you to have by the end of the programme. The image of a map of London with the River Thames running through it remains still but the camera continues to zoom out in a rotating motion showing a small community within a large urban community. The Soundtrack has no vocals but is a memorable theme tune. Its one of which will attract the viewers attention and will send them straight to their seats to get ready for the episodes up-coming dilemmas. The opening sequence lasts a total of twenty-four seconds. The opening sequence of an Australian soap In the opening sequence of the soap opera Home and Away it is apparent that the atmosphere appears to be much brighter and more contented, sounds of seagulls (usually found on beaches) and crashing waves can be heard. This instantly hooks the viewer into the surreal get away imitation of a perfect world. The colours are vivid and exotic, and the dark blue background can be easily associated with the ocean. The camera then pivots around and then flashbacks from the previous episodes appear to let the viewer get an understanding of what the content of the present episode will contain. Small images of individual characters become visible with affirmative, joyful expressions on their faces, a majority of the cast appear to be in their youth. This will attract a younger audience. Another thing that will exert a pull on a younger audience is the soundtrack it is memorable and idealistic. The soundtrack has featured vocals from a male and female individual and includes the soap title. Through watching and studying two different soap operas it appears to me that in the Australian soap opera the producers tend to incorporate positive messages in their shows and focuses on the lives of teenagers in the small fictional town of Summer Bay, where-as the in the British soap tends to focus on day-to-day dilemmas that can occur to the average Londoner. Nevertheless the Australian audience may have a larger appeal to a younger audience because of its surreal appearance and there seem to be younger characters. East Enders seems to be more of a family soap opera because of the different events appeal to a range of age groups. Soap Operas GCSE Coursework Assignment Television is becoming an increasingly important part of society. We have more televisions in our homes, and on those televisions there are more soap operas for the viewing public for example, East Enders, Coronation Street, Emmerdale, Neighbours, Home and Away, Brookside and Hollyoaks. Soap operas have become a modern day phenomenon. Individuals undoubtedly get a lot of pleasure from them, and although the soap opera is viewed as entertainment. The industry have cunningly organised a viewing schedule so that a certain type of soap appeals to a particular target group. For example in Television guides there are a variation of different showing times. Neighbours is shown once at 1:45 am and a second time at 5:35pm, this suggests that this soaps target group are 11-16 year olds returning from school prepared to watch their favourite soap. Where-as Eastenders is shown just the one time at 7:30pm this suggests that their target are of all ages especially families, because families will presumably be together at this point of the evening. Television companies have developed soaps into a competitive atmosphere because there is a constant battle over viewers. The more ratings the soap has the more successful it becomes. Soap Operas were originally presented on radio in the United States after the Second World War. Formerly soaps were only aimed at one gender, women. During World War II, women had taken the jobs of men in the military service, however when men had returned to civilian life women returned to a domestic role. Unlike today, soaps werent shown as television dramas for long periods of time (1 hour 1/2 hour shows), they were short radio drama serials, which dealt with ordinary life. Soap companies eager to establish themselves in the new post-war prosperity sponsored these short drama serials. This is how the evolution of soaps transferred into the growing medium of television. Soap operas have developed ideas, which have proved successful in the cinema technique that makes the viewer determined to watch the next episode. Melodramatic scenes are predominantly evident in the extended episodes of soaps such as, emotional and sentimental stories essentially about love. Music also plays a great role in soap opera episodes. Music in Soap operas is usually used to intensify the sense of emotion. Soap operas today have proved to be very successful. Soaps such as Hollyoakes, Eastenders and Coronation Street are just three out of a list of many popular soap operas. It seems that soap operas will still be around within many years to come, with the new, over exaggerated and extreme story lines that have our society glued to our seats watching whichever soap opera appeals to us the most.

Anorexia Nervosa Essay -- essays research papers

Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder defined by a refusal to maintain fifteen percent of a normal body weight through self-starvation (NAMI 1). Ninety-five percent of anorexics are women between the ages of twelve and eighteen, however, â€Å"†¦in the past twenty years, this disorder has become a growing threat to high school and college students†(Maloney and Kranz 60). Anorexia produces a multitude of symptoms, and if not treated, anorexia can lead to permanent physical damage or death. Anorexic behavior is complex because it is all about the need for control. Someone suffering from anorexia has a distorted body image of himself or herself. He/she believes to be overweight, even though twenty percent of the time he/she is not (Yancey 59). The image of being overweight causes a low self-esteem. Symptoms of low self-esteem are loneliness, inadequacy in talents, a lack of trust in people and themselves, insecurity, identification with a specific peer group, and sadness. The media displays the ideal human body as thin and beautiful. Anorexic’s lives are full of confusion and lack of control. To the anorexic, to be thin is to be in control. The state of control to the anorexic is the ideal life without confusion and difficulties. In most cases, the anorexic is intelligent; popular among his/her peers, athletic, talented, and viewed as a role model to most people he/she comes in contact with. In reality, the issues in daily living are too difficult for the anorexic resulting in a lack of control in his/her life. The anorexic’s answer to a confusing life is to starve the body. The behavioral symptoms of the anorexia are counting calories, eating little food, baking treats for everyone and giving them away in hope of controlling not only the anorexic’s intake of his/her food, but also others. â€Å"Playing† with food at meal times is common behavior of the anorexic. When the meal is complete, the anorexic has disguised food intake by pushing the food around on the plate and hiding food in napkins. To dress in layers to hide the distinct weight loss and to avoid social activities where eating is involved are common behavioral symptoms. Behavioral symptoms of the anorexic can go unnoticed by most people. These symptoms are very secretive and oblivious to outsiders because the behavior is not out of the ordinary. Although the behavioral symptoms of the anore... ...cising, reading, and establishing new friendships are encouraged when the anorexic’s mood rises to an unhealthy level. Voluntary self-starvation, anorexia nervosa, is physically and psychologically dangerous. Loss of the body fat from the severe weight loss can impair the body by putting stress on the bones from lack of calcium. Dehydration can be deadly because the body needs the correct water balance, and without this proper balance, the kidneys can shut down. Malnutrition can lead to brain damage. Amenorrhea can cause infertility and put stress on tiny bones making them prone to breakage. Amenorrhea can also produce an interference of the reproductive hormone that protects the body against heart failure and osteoporosis. Severe depression in anorexics occurs from hopelessness and shame and can lead to suicide. Even though the behavioral, nutritional, cognitive, interpersonal, and psychotherapy treatment for anorexia is a long-term process, it is crucial to the anorexic person to receive treatment, or the physical consequences and psychological consequences can lead to permanent damage and sometime s death. Notable research on the treatment of the anorexic continues worldwide.

Evaluation of a business code of ethics Essay

Ethical behavior from employees is the foundation for a successful business. Trevino and Nelson define ethical behavior as being, â€Å"consistent with the principles, norms, and standards of business practice that have been agreed upon by society (2007, p. 16, para. 1). A code of ethics is an example of the way a company would have employees act; an instruction manual for ethical behavior. Simply possessing a code of ethics does not guarantee ethical behavior from employees. Therefore, a code of ethics must outline consequences for violations. Employers must enforce the code as well. A code of ethics ensures that, if followed, employees will work diligently with integrity and expertise, safeguard confidential information, and do so in a professional manner. Implementing and maintaining a code of conduct and ethics creates stakeholder confidence in a multinational financial services company. MetLife is one of the largest financial services companies in the world as well as the number one life insurance company in the United States; providing services worldwide in the following areas: investments, financial planning, banking, and insurance. MetLife was formed as a mutual insurance company in 1864 in the wake of the American Civil War. The company would insure Civil War veterans against disabilities because of wartime injuries and sickness. After a rough start in the first four years and several reorganizations, the company started to focus primarily on the life insurance industry; a move that would establish MetLife as one of the largest companies in the United States. Over the span of 143 years MetLife grew significantly through acquisitions and continuing to provide superior service and support to clients. Most recently MetLife acquired American Life Insurance Company (ALICO), and provides people financial services, life insurance, health insurance, and investments, in the following counties: Australia, China, India, Japan, Korea, and Pakistan. This acquisition has given MetLife a dominant spot in the global financial services market making MetLife the largest insurance company in the world. With more than 50,000 employees worldwide, management  accentuates an ethical corporate culture with a compliance department that goes above any state or federal regulations with strict compliance monitoring. Management also creates a positive working environment free of harassment in any form and develops employees with goals of creating professional relationships that last a lifetime as well as achieving high levels of sales and pay. In addition to MetLife’s code of ethics all officers, managers, and employees are must follow and obey all applicable states and federal laws, company policies, and industry regulations where they hold a license to avoid any perception of impropriety. MetLife’s Chief Executive Officer Robert Henrickson states, â€Å"For 140 years, MetLife has helped individuals and institutions build and protect their most valuable assets† (MetLife, 2005, p. 2). In accordance with this reputation, MetLife has a code of ethics in place to support these efforts with the core values integrity and honesty as the foundation of the ethical culture within the company. These core values are vital to the company achieving the MetLife vision; to build financial freedom for everyone. The code of ethics at MetLife is a voluntary code of conduct that emphasizes a duty-based ethical system. The foundation for the code is broad and encompasses the following corporate values: integrity, expertise, suitability, full disclosure, fair competition, service, brand, confidentiality, professionalism, and reputation. However, a code of ethics does not guarantee ethical behavior. Managers enforce the code of ethics with employees as well as administer legal or disciplinary action that results from a deviation from the code of ethics. In the financial services industry deviations from compliance may result in a producer and manager getting in serious trouble. Trouble can be anything from fines to arbitration hearings and loss of licenses and registration. Therefore, many employees genuinely try to make a living and build a successful career following the code of ethics. This is a result of the organizational culture at MetLife. Employees and managers must make minimum sales number each year and failing to hit target numbers results in termination. Any major deviation from MetLife’s code of ethics that results a fine or legal action against the company will have the same end. There is a strong acceptance and adherence to the code of ethics. For example during quarterly compliance meetings employees get refresher training on important state and federal tax laws that change often. The effect this has on the organization is a positive one. However, there are exceptions to this as some employees and competitor’s employees just have bad personal ethics and draw negative attention to the industry for bad business practices. A recent example is the Ponzi scheme committed by Bernard Madoff. In one of the worst periods of economic uncertainty Madoff defrauded thousands of investors out of billions of dollars and at the same time planted the seeds of consumer mistrust against individuals working in the financial services industry. Management expects employees to â€Å"do the right thing† for clients. The primary focus for employees is to achieve MetLife’s vision through fair sales practices, excellent customer service, and making suitable recommendations to clients. Employees must adhere to strict corporate compliance monitoring that goes above state and federal regulations. For example an independent insurance agent, non-MetLife, must complete 16 hours of state mandated continuing education classes each year whereas a MetLife agent must comply with state regulations as well as MetLife’s annual continuing education courses. MetLife’s courses are intentionally more in-depth than the material that the state courses cover and emphasize ethics in all business practices. MetLife is proud of the reputation the company has established in the financial services industry and expects employees to operate their personal business with â€Å"the highest standards of conduct in all business endeavors† (MetLife, 2010, p. 7). Managers also follow the same code of conduct and  ethics. And can be held accountable for employee violation of the code of ethics. Management must adhere to strict company guidelines and complete many more continuing education classes that cover a variety of topics; some that employees take as well as many others that focus on corporate compliance regulations. State and federal laws to abide by so MetLife has its own regulations that cover all states and goes beyond any individual state’s laws or regulations. Each employee, manager or producer must complete an annual compliance review and demonstrate an understanding of the concepts and practices covered by the code of ethics. Corporate ethics and compliance managers hold quarterly and annual compliance meetings with all employees to discuss industry incidents and violations that cost other companies and producer’s money, court proceedings, and careers. In the code of ethics there is little space for change to make monitoring employees easier or any individual employee more compliant. In the financial services industry state and federal laws change or are undergo tweaks a little each year. To that end MetLife releases a code of ethics each year that outlines any new practices or changes in the way employees are to do business, always keeping standards consistent with MetLife’s vision. In short, a code of ethics is a necessary tool for management in an organization such as MetLife. All directors, managers, and employees are expected to read the code of ethics and refer to it when making critical decisions. The company keeps employees up to date with compliance meetings and maintains a high standard of compliance monitoring and reviews. However, ethical behavior is not guaranteed simply because these systems are in place or available for review. Managers set the example for employees and set the standard for the employees they supervise. Under the duty-based system in place employees are expected to do the right thing for clients. The company hires from within only the best employees into management positions. This ethical system keeps organization simple while maintaining a strong compliance keeps financial transactions ethical and in line with  MetLife’s vision; to build financial freedom for everyone. References Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. (2009). Keeping Our Promises. Retrieved February 6, 2011 from www.metlife.com/assets/investments/products/annuities/CLVA6037-3.pdf Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. (2010). Representative Compliance Manual. How We Do Business. Retrieved February 5, 2011 from https://imetlife.metlife.com/wps/myportal/rpp/content? contentId=8ac6c697baa72210VgnVCM1000000ae818acRCRD Trevià ±o, L. K., & Nelson, K. A. (2007). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.